October 18, 2023 at 11:13 a.m.
Synod looks at ways to increase participation of all in mission
VATICAN CITY (CNS) -- A "synodal church" where all the baptized participate and take responsibility for mission will need structures and processes to help church members listen to the Holy Spirit and to one another, members of the synod on synodality were told.
Archbishop: Synodality must serve evangelization
VATICAN CITY (CNS) -- The whole point of synodality is to serve the Catholic Church's mission of evangelization, an archbishop told participants in the assembly of the Synod of Bishops.
"As we talk about what processes, structures and institutions are needed in a missionary synodal church, we need to make sure that these do in fact assist the mission of bringing the good news to those who are in need of salvation," Lithuanian Archbishop Gintaras Grušas of Vilnius said in his homily during a Mass with synod participants Oct. 18.
The Mass, celebrated at the Altar of the Chair in St. Peter's Basilica, opened the fourth and final module of synod assembly, which is centered on "participation, governance and authority" and intended to respond to the question, "What processes, structures and institutions in a missionary synodal Church?"
"Synodality, including its structures and meetings, must be at the service of the church's mission of evangelization and not become an end in itself," Archbishop Grušas said.
Celebrating the Mass on the feast of St. Luke, the archbishop, who is president of the Council of European Bishops' Conferences, said that in St. Luke's Gospel the evangelist "often highlights the role of women in the life of the church and in announcing the good news."
"St. Luke is the Marian evangelist par excellence," the archbishop said, but he also highlighted the examples of "the Samaritan woman at the well who announced the Messiah, Mary Magdalene, the first to announce the message of the Resurrection, as well as the various women throughout the Acts of the Apostles who assisted the growth of the early church."
"If Luke were documenting the synod, thanks be to God, he would find many of the themes that he favored at the forefront of our own deliberations in these days," he said.
Archbishop Grušas noted that both in St. Luke's Gospel and in the Acts of the Apostle, the evangelist "clearly shows that the Holy Spirit is the protagonist in the life and growth of the church," repeating a quote from Pope Francis which has become a refrain among synod participants.
The participants trickled into St. Peter's Basilica before the Mass while a Rome seminary choir sang hymns. Moments of silence during the Mass were occasionally breached by the sound of cheers from Pope Francis' general audience taking place in St. Peter's Square.
Although only 20% of synod members are not cardinals or bishops, Archbishop Grušas insisted that "in the announcement of the kingdom, the equality of all the baptized comes to the forefront."
"All are called to this, not just ordained ministers," he said. "It is important that all the baptized hear this call, this vocation, and respond to it, committing their lives, words and actions to Jesus' mission."
- Justin McLellan
While "the big media" is looking for changes in Catholic practices on just a few issues, "even the people closest to us, our collaborators, members of pastoral councils, people who are involved in parishes are wondering what will change for them, how they will be able to concretely experience in their lives that missionary discipleship and co-responsibility on which we have reflected in our work," Cardinal Jean-Claude Hollerich, the synod relator general, told the assembly Oct. 18.
Those collaborators, he said, "are wondering how this is possible in a church that is still not very synodal, where they feel that their opinion does not count and a few or just one person decides everything."
Members of the synod assembly moved Oct. 18 on to the theme of "participation" and prepared to spend four days discussing the exercise of authority and responsibility in the church as well as the processes and structures needed to promote greater participation in the life and mission of the church.
The section was to include discussion about ways to encourage the development of "discernment practices and decision-making processes" that involve all Catholics in seeking the guidance of the Holy Spirit and a look at how to harmonize "the synodal and hierarchical dimensions" of the church.
The synod working document also asked assembly members to consider how to "foster the participation of women, young people, minorities and marginalized voices in discernment and decision-making processes."
The working document noted, "The call to reform structures, institutions and functioning mechanisms with a view to transparency is particularly strong in those contexts most marked by the abuse crisis -- sexual, economic, spiritual, psychological, institutional, conscience, power, jurisdiction."
In looking at participation, power and authority in the church -- "delicate issues," Cardinal Hollerich said -- the assembly is not being asked to come up with solutions, but suggestions, which will be studied, discussed and prayed about over the course of the next year before being presented to the synod assembly scheduled for 2024.
"These are questions that need to be addressed with precision of language and categories," the cardinal said. "They are delicate because they touch the concrete life of the church and also the growth dynamism of the tradition: a wrong discernment could sever it or freeze it. In both cases it would kill it."
Father Dario Vitali, a professor of theology at Rome's Pontifical Gregorian University and coordinator of the theologians assisting the synod, told members he was struck by how often participants in the hall echoed the Second Vatican Council's description of the church as a "sacrament," a "sign and instrument" of unity with God and with humanity, but how seldom anyone used Vatican II's description of the church as "the people of God."
In discussing "participation, responsibility and authority," he said, synod members would do well to recognize Vatican II's insistence that "before functions is the dignity of the baptized; before differences, which establish hierarchies, is the equality of the children of God."
Gifts, charisms and offices in the church -- including ordained priestly ministry, the office of bishop and that of pope -- are meant to serve the mission of the entire body, he said.
The Second Vatican Council's Dogmatic Constitution on the Church referred to the "'common priesthood of the faithful and the ministerial or hierarchical priesthood' as distinct forms of participation in the priesthood of Christ," Father Vitali said. "This passage was ground-breaking because of the choice to overturn the two themes in play; placing the common priesthood before the ministerial priesthood means breaking an asymmetrical relationship of authority-obedience that structured the pyramidal church."
Dominican Father Timothy Radcliffe, the former superior of his order who is serving as a spiritual guide for the synod, told members that many people have said to him, "This synod will not change anything."
Some of them said it with hope, while others said it with fear, he said. But to him, "that is a lack of faith in the name of the Lord," who has promised to be with the church and renew it, "though maybe in ways that are not immediately obvious. This is not optimism but our apostolic faith."
Father Radcliffe also asked the assembly to consider, "How can we be a sign of peace if we are divided among ourselves?"
As synod members seek to discern ways to strengthen the church's synodality, he urged them to look at what God already is doing.
"Today our God is already bringing into existence a church which is no longer primarily Western: a church which is Eastern Catholic, and Asian and African and Latin American," he said. "It is a church in which already women are assuming responsibility and are renewing our theology and spirituality. Already young people all over the world, as we saw at Lisbon, are taking us in new directions, into the digital continent."
So, while "what shall we do?" is a legitimate question, he said, "an even more fundamental question is: What is God doing?"
As for fear, he said, "the new is always an unexpected renewal of the old. This is why any opposition between tradition and progress is utterly alien to Catholicism."
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